Which of the following accurately describes an orphan under the IR3 category?

The designation of an orphan under the IR3 category specifically refers to a child who is adopted by a U.S. citizen and was residing in another country during the adoption process. This classification is significant because it facilitates the immigration process for these children, allowing them to become lawful permanent residents of the U.S. upon entry.

In this context, the fact that the adoptive parent had the opportunity to see the child during the adoption process is crucial, as it establishes a personal connection and verifies the legitimacy of the adoption. This category applies to children who have been fully adopted and are recognized as orphans, thus streamlining their path to a new life in the United States.

Other options do not correctly represent the IR3 classification. For example, a child under 21 living in the U.S. does not inherently pertain to the orphan category or the specific immigration provisions related to orphans. Similarly, a child who does not qualify for permanent residency or a child over the age of 16 coming to the U.S. lacks relevance to the orphan classification stemming from the process of adoption by U.S. citizens.