What is the purpose of the cargo examination allowed under 19 USC 1587?

The purpose of the cargo examination allowed under 19 USC 1587 primarily focuses on the detection of illegal merchandise. This provision is an essential tool utilized by customs and enforcement agencies to ensure that goods entering the country comply with U.S. laws and regulations. By conducting these examinations, agencies can identify and take action against contraband and other illegal items that may pose a risk to national security, public health, or the economy. Detecting illegal merchandise helps to uphold the integrity of trade and prevent the importation of hazardous, counterfeit, or prohibited items.

While verifying compliance with international shipping regulations, ensuring that the vessel's cargo is documented, and assessing the vessel's seaworthiness are important aspects of maritime operations, they do not encompass the primary purpose of cargo examinations as defined by 19 USC 1587. Those aspects may fall under different regulations and inspections, which are separate from the enforcement focus of cargo examinations in detecting illegal goods.