What factor is NOT directly involved in determining intent to distribute controlled substances?

The factor that is not directly involved in determining intent to distribute controlled substances is the presence of witnesses to the act. In determining intent to distribute, law enforcement typically assesses various elements that indicate the scale and purpose of the drug possession. The type of substance involved is critical because certain substances have different legal classifications and implications. The quality of the packaging can suggest that someone is preparing to sell drugs, as professional packaging often implies distribution rather than personal use. Additionally, the amount of substance present is a significant factor; larger quantities may more strongly suggest an intent to distribute rather than personal use. While witnesses may provide context or corroborate events, they do not directly affect the assessment of someone's intent in the eyes of law and established legal criteria related to controlled substances.